An independent verb stands alone at the beginning of a sentence and also when it follows an independent particle.
Note that the future tense differs in that it has a special relative independent form for when the verb follows an independent particle.
a (that, who which) >> an duine a chunnaic the man who I saw
bhon a (since, because) >> bhon a thàinig sibh ann since you came here
carson a? (why?) >> carson a chaidh thu ann? why did you go there?
cia mheud a? (how many?) >> cia mheud a tha ann? how many are there?
cò (a)? (who?) >> cò (a) rinn sin? who did that?
cò às a? (where from?) >> cò às a tha thu? where are you from?
cò leis a? (whose?) >> cò leis a tha an leabhar? whose book is this?
cò mheud a? (how many?) >> cò mheud a dh'fhalbhas? how many will leave?
ciamar a? (how?) >> ciamar a tha thu? how are you?
cuin a? (when?) >> cuin a dh'itheas sinn? when will we eat?
dè (a)? (what?) >> dè (a) thuirt i? what did she say?
ged a (although) >> ged a bha e an seo although he was here
mar a (as, how) >> mar a thuirt mi na bu tràithe as I said earlier
ma (if) >> ma bhios tu ann if you are (will be) there
na (what, that which, all that) >> seo na tha agam here's what I have
nuair a (when, the time that) >> nuair a thill e dhachaigh when he returned home
The particles a and na lenite the following verb where possible.
The particle ma is only used with verbs in the past, present and future tense.
• Elements of Scottish Gaelic Verbs
|
• Irregular Verbs • Defective Verbs • Verbal Nouns • Infinitives |
• Tenses • Impersonal Forms • Passive • Derivatives |
• Regular Verb Paradigm (Broad Consonant)
• Regular Verb Paradigm (Slender Consonant)
• Independent Particles
• Dependent Particles
• Prepositional Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns
• Prepositional Possessive Pronouns
• Written Accents