There are 11 irregular verbs in Scottish Gaelic, 12 if the defective verb is (be) is included. The irregular verbs are: abair (say), beir (bear, catch), bi (be), cluinn (hear), dèan (hear), faic (see), faigh (get, find), rach (go), ruig (reach, arrive), thig (come) and thoir (bring, give, take).
These verbs have forms that are frequently formed more than one root, leading their dependent and dependent forms or different tenses to greatly differ from each other.
chaidh e a-mach he went outside
cha deach i a-mach she didn't go outside
thèid sinn a-mach we will go outside
chunnaic mi an cù I saw the dog
am faca thu an cù? did you see the dog?
chì iad an cù they will see the dog, they can see the dog
The verbs are listed in the following way:
Verbal Root, Meaning, Verbal Noun
Past: Independent, Dependent
Future: Independent, Relative Independent, Dependent
Conditional: Independent, Dependent
Imperative: Singular, Plural
abair say, (ag) ràdh
Past: thuirt, tuirt
Future: their, their, abair
Conditional: theireadh, abradh
Imperative: abair, abraibh
Preferred Forms of abair:
Future: canaidh, chanas, can
Conditional: chanadh, canadh
Imperative: can, canaibh
beir hold, breith
Past: rug, do rug
Future: beiridh, bheireas, beir
Conditional: bheireadh, beireadh
Imperative: beir, beiribh
bi be, -- (a bhith)
Present: tha, bheil/eil
Past: bha, robh
Future: bidh, bhios, bi
Conditional: bhireadh, bireadh
Imperative: bi, bithibh
cluinn hear, cluinntinn
Past: chuala, cuala
Future: cluinnidh, chluinneas, cluinn
Conditional: chluinneadh, cluinneadh
Imperative: cluinn, cluinnibh
dèan make, dèanamh
Past: rinn, do rinn
Future: nì, nì, dèan
Conditional: dhèanadh, dèanadh
Imperative: dèan, dèanaibh
faic see, faicinn
Past: chunnaic, faca
Future: chì, chì, faic
Conditional: chitheadh, faiceadh
Imperative: faic, faicibh
faigh get, faighinn
Past: fhuair, d' fhuair
Future: gheibh, gheibh, faigh
Conditional: gheibheadh, faigheadh
Imperative: faigh, faighibh
rach go, dol (a dhol)
Past: chaidh, deach
Future: thèid, thèid, tèid
Conditional: rachadh, rachadh
Imperative: rach, rachaibh
Preferred Imperative: thalla, thallaibh
ruig reach, ruigsinn
Past: ràinig, do ràinig
Future: ruigidh, ruigeas, ruig
Conditional: ruigeadh, ruigeadh
Imperative: ruig, ruigibh
thig come, tighinn (a thighinn)
Past: thàinig, tàinig
Future: thig, thig, tig
Conditional: thigeadh, tigeadh
Imperative: thig, thigibh
thoir give, toirt
Past: thug, tug
Future: bheir, bheir, toir
Conditional: bheireadh, toireadh
Imperative: thoir, thoiribh
• Elements of Scottish Gaelic Verbs
|
• Irregular Verbs • Defective Verbs • Verbal Nouns • Infinitives |
• Tenses • Impersonal Forms • Passive • Derivatives |
• Regular Verb Paradigm (Broad Consonant)
• Regular Verb Paradigm (Slender Consonant)
• Independent Particles
• Dependent Particles
• Prepositional Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns
• Prepositional Possessive Pronouns
• Written Accents